Elder Abuse

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Recognizing, Preventing, and Taking Action

Elder abuse is a growing concern across communities, yet it often goes unnoticed and unreported. If you’re worried about the safety or well-being of an older adult, understanding the warning signs and knowing what steps to take can make all the difference.

What Is Elder Abuse?

Elder abuse refers to any intentional or negligent act that causes harm or risk of harm to an older adult. This abuse can take many forms:

Physical abuse – hitting, slapping, or improper use of restraints or medications
Emotional or psychological abuse – verbal threats, isolation, intimidation, or humiliation
Financial exploitation – misuse of an elder’s money, property, or assets
Neglect – failure to provide necessary care, including food, hygiene, shelter, or medical treatment

How Common Is Elder Abuse?

While it is difficult to determine exact numbers, research estimates that between 4% and 10% of older adults in the United States are victims of some form of abuse. However, the true scope of the problem is likely far greater.

Elder abuse is significantly underreported, often due to:

Fear of retaliation or abandonment
Embarrassment or loyalty to the abuser (especially if it’s a family member)
Fear of being institutionalized
Physical or cognitive impairments that prevent speaking out

How to Recognize the Warning Signs

Elder abuse can be subtle or overt. The following signs—grouped by abuse type—can help you assess whether an older adult may be in danger:

Physical Abuse

Unexplained injuries such as bruises, burns, or fractures
Fearfulness or flinching around certain individuals
Conflicting explanations for injuries
Sedation, disorientation, or unusual drowsiness (potential medication misuse)

Psychological or Emotional Abuse

Withdrawal from family, friends, or normal activities
Sudden changes in mood or behavior
Reluctance to speak openly, especially around a caregiver
Verbal belittling, threats, or controlling behavior from others

Financial Exploitation

Unpaid bills despite sufficient income
Sudden changes in financial documents or legal arrangements (e.g., power of attorney, wills)
Missing possessions or funds
Unusual banking activity or ATM withdrawals
Contributions to household expenses that seem excessive

Neglect

Poor hygiene or signs of malnutrition
Untreated medical conditions or lack of necessary aids (glasses, hearing aids, walkers)
Dirty or unsafe living conditions
Social or emotional isolation
Caregivers who seem disinterested or unengaged

What Should You Do If You Suspect Elder Abuse?

Take action—don’t wait. If you believe an elder is being mistreated, neglected, or exploited, there are confidential resources available to help.

Here’s how you can help:

Call the police if you believe someone is in immediate danger.
Report the abuse to Adult Protective Services (APS) in your county.
Contact your local Area Agency on Aging for support and referrals.
Call the National Eldercare Locator Hotline at 1-800-992-1660. This free, toll-free service will connect you with local agencies that can provide immediate assistance.

Everyone Deserves to Age with Dignity and Safety

Abuse can happen in families, institutions, or caregiving relationships. Speaking up could protect a vulnerable senior and ensure they receive the care and respect they deserve. Whether you’re a concerned neighbor, friend, family member, or caregiver—your voice matters.

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